Conclusion

Our data and case studies provide evidence that TAs are delivering increased OA publications and increased usage of subscription content within institutions, acting as a powerful driver in the transition to OA. In addition, TAs are providing many further benefits for authors and their institutions, such as increased impact and reduced administrative burden. 

Looking ahead, the success of TAs hinges on their adoption across a diverse range of partners. As our case studies demonstrate, TAs are viable for all kinds of partners: smaller countries and lower-income countries are already participating and benefiting. For instance, our South African case study illustrates how funder support for TAs can make OA a reality where it might otherwise be unattainable for individual researchers. Springer Nature’s TAs in India, Colombia, and Mexico provide further illustrations of this.²⁴ Our case study with Lyrasis further emphasises the value to smaller institutions, which may have lacked the opportunities to fund OA without the centralisation of funding under an agreement.

However, the future of TAs depends on continued and widespread participation. The critical view that TAs are not delivering a transition to full OA fast enough doesn’t take into account the complexities and flexible approach needed to make these agreements successful. We continue to negotiate agreements that are adapted to meet regional needs, ensuring that no one is left behind in the drive towards a more open and equitable scholarly communication landscape.

Ultimately, we remain convinced that TAs represent a practical and effective pathway to achieving global OA. We are making significant strides towards a future where all research is accessible to everyone, regardless of location or institutional affiliation. It is vital that institutions continue to engage with us now, rather than waiting for another solution, to ensure that the momentum toward OA is sustained.